L9: P. of Price

6 important questions on L9: P. of Price

Name the different types of price determination methods

Cost-based price setting:
- Fixed cost (rent, electricity bills and etc.)
- Variable (these are tied to production volumes: raw materials).

Costumer based:
- Van Westendorp price settings method (willingness to pay)
- Tradeoff analysis
-  Experiments

Competitor based:
Does not take into account differential advantages of companies.
- Prisoner's dilemma:


Ik zwijg                                       Ik bekenHij zwijgtIk krijg een geldboeteIk ben vrijHij bekentIk krijg tien jaarIk krijg vijf jaar

Disadvantages of cost-based pricing

- price increase with falling sales
- not market oriented, but internal
- sales depend on price, this makes it hard to do sales estimation

What is the best price setting method?

oftenly a combination of methods are used (= NEEDED).
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Pricing decisions: Price psychology

1 Highend microwave and 1 low end (€149 and €199). 45% choose the highend microwave.

3 categories, but now with the previous highend as mid-end. Price categories are now €149, €199 and €229. Now 65% choose the midrange. Consumers tend to think dat choosing the mid-end they will not have the bad product but wont pay for things they need.

This is called Goldilocks pricing.

Pricing decisions: Bundling

Discounting 1 element increases profit (selling multiple elements in one bundle with discounts for other elements). Microsoft Office: Word, excel, powerpoint and outlook.

When increase price and how

- value > price
- demand > supply
- "harvest goal"
- increasing costs

This could be done:
- staged
- escalator clauses in contracts
- tower discounts
- price jump

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