Opera and Vocal Music in the Early Classic Period
14 important questions on Opera and Vocal Music in the Early Classic Period
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What were the four major tenets of Enlightenment beliefs?
2. Naturalness
3. Universal education
4. Social equality
....these ideas were incorporated into the founding documents of the United States
What 5 general musical values did critics begin to espouse in the mid to late 18th century?
2. Melodies should consist of short phrases and simple accompaniments
3. The language of music should be international
4. Music should appeal to all tastes
5. Music should be natural and immediately pleasing
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Classical period dates (approx)
What were 3 major differences between music of the classical period and that of the Baroque?
2. Harmonic movement was slower than in the Baroque era
3. Music projected changing moods rather than a single emotion
What were 5 general characteristics of opera buffa?
- A full-length work that was sung throughout
- 6 or more characters
- Plots caricatured the faults of both aristocrats and commoners.
- Characters often resembled the stock characters of the commedia dell'arte.
- Dialogue was set in rapidly delivered recitative with continuo.
What is another phrase for Italian comic opera?
What is the difference between opera seria and opera buffa?
Opera buffa - comic opera
Who was the most notable composer of opera seria?
Which poet was responsible for establishing opera seria?
What were the two historically significant aspects of opera buffa?
2. It encouraged the growth of national operatic traditions
Giovanni Battista Pergolesi
One of the most original composers of his day; wrote "La serva padrona."
His depiction of character and emotion through simple, highly contrasting melodic ideas over light accompaniment made his music particularly successful and influential.
Which composer was influenced by the Italian reform movement and vowed to purge Italian opera of it abuses and excesses?
Orfeo ed Euridice
The music is molded to the drama-- recits, arias, and choruses are intermingled in large unified scenes. Gluck achieved his goal of "a beautiful simplicity"
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