Behavior Management: Behavior Reduction and Functional Behavior Assessments - Behavior Reduction: Consequence Modifications

15 important questions on Behavior Management: Behavior Reduction and Functional Behavior Assessments - Behavior Reduction: Consequence Modifications

What are Consequence Modifications?

Interventions designed to weaken the problem behavior by altering the consequences that follow.
  • Behavior is reduced by changing the outcome that occurs following that behavior
  • Behaviors that do not produce a desired outcome will decrease

What are 2 primary ways that consequence manipulations work?

1) Eliminate or minimize the reinforcement maintaining the problem behavior
2) Provide a non-preferred consequence when the problem behavior occurs

What is escape extinction?

Preventing the individual to escape or delay a task as a result of the behavior.
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What is tangible extinction?

Withholding access to a desired item or activity that had previously been given as a consequence of the behavior.

What is escape extinction or planned ignoring?

Withholding both positive and negative attention that had previously been given as a result of that behavior.

What is sensory extinction?

Preventing the behavior from providing sensory stimulation when it occurs.

Name 5 considerations for extinction procedures.

1) Extinction is one of the simplest in theory and least intrusive interventions
2) Can be difficult to implement in certain (naturalistic) situations
3) Extinction results in a gradual decrease of behavior, rather than an immediate or rapid increase
4) May result in spontaneous recovery (recurrence of the behavior in previously reinforced situations)
5) May result in an extinction burst (a temporary but immediate increase in the behavior, often occurs immediately after implementation of the extinction procedure, along with changing/different behaviors because the person is trying to figure out another way of accessing what they want)

What is response blocking?

A behavior reduction procedure involving physical intervention to interrupt and prevent the problem behavior when it occurs.
  • It is often used when behavior is physically harmful to oneself or others but may be used for other behaviors
  • Often used for sensory maintained behaviors
  • Response blocking should ALWAYS involve the least amount of physical contact necessary to block the behavior

What is response interruption/redirection (RIRD)?

A behavior reduction procedure involving the interruption of a problem behavior and immediate redirection to a high probability behavior, i.e., the problem behavior is interrupted and then the individual is redirected to easy or preferred activities. The learner receives reinforcement once the alternative behavior occurs.
  • Often used to reduce stereotype

What is exclusionary time out?

The individual is briefly removed from the location where the behavior occurred for a specified period of time.

What are the rules for time out?

Time out is only effective when:
  • a positively reinforcing activity is in place (the loss of something desirable becomes an effective consequence for that behavior)
  • time out itself must not be reinforcing to the individual (must not provide access to other reinforcers)
  • must have only a short duration (between 30 seconds to 10 minutes)
  • release from time out must be dependent on appropriate behavior

What is response cost?

Involves the removal of a specified amount of reinforcement contingent on the problem behavior, i.e., losing a portion of a positive reinforcer as a result of the behavior occurring.
  • Response cost reduces behavior by resulting in the loss of reinforcement when the behavior occurs.

What are the 2 types of overcorrection procedures?

1) Restitutional overcorrection
2) Positive practice overcorrection

What is restitutional overcorrection?

A procedure in which the individual restores the environment to a state better than it was prior to occurrence of the problem behavior.

What is positive practice overcorrection?

A procedure which requires the individual to repeatedly practice an appropriate alternative response as a consequence to the problem behavior.

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