Headwater streams and rivers
16 important questions on Headwater streams and rivers
What is surface runoff?
What is a baseflow?
Where will you find more oxygen in the water, upstream or downstream? Why is this?
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Where would you find shredders in a river?
What is a biofilm?
What is an interflow? And what is its significance?
What are the differences between laminar and turbulent flow?
Shear stress, what is it? And when is the shear stress higher, by laminar flow or turbulent flow?
turbulent streams have shear stress much stronger
What is the difference between a pool, run, and riffle? Where will the flow be faster?
runs: are fast-moving water in smoother straighter stretches.
Pools: deepened and flow slower
flow is faster at the riffles and slower at the pools
How do organisms respond to shear stress?
Some cling on by hooking onto a surface or by suction
stream-conditions are not stable due to frequent disturbance. Therefore the community is not stable. Four distinct groups fall under this, which ones are these?
2) plants
3) macrofauna
4) fish
What are the five types of food gatherers?
What are the five types of food gatherers?
What is a shredder, scraper, filter feeder, and predator?
scrapers: consume algae and material
filter feeders: Collect fine particulate organic matter to filter
predators: feed on consumers
Collectors: collect fine particulate organic matter from the bottom
Name 6 major ions that you can find in freshwater systems.
Sodium (Na+)
Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Magnesium (Mg 2+)
Sulfate (SO4 2-)
Calcium (Ca2+)
What is the ETP score?
EPT zijn zeer onverdraagzaam voor elke aanwezigheid van verontreinigende stoffen in de waterlichamen en daarom zijn EPT cruciale biologische indicatoren voor het bepalen van de waterkwaliteit van de rivier.
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