Outbreak of Civil War - Long-Term Causes - and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire
3 important questions on Outbreak of Civil War - Long-Term Causes - and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire
What was the post-war settlement that dealt with the break-up of the Ottoman Empire?
1920: Treaty of Sevres
What were the main terms of the Treaty of Sevres?
- Turks were stripped of Middle-Eastern and Northern Africa territories
- Most of Middle-East came under the 'Mandate' systems jurisdiction in the new League of Nations
- League authorised Britain and France to administer various parts of the Middle East to help them to become 'independent'
France was given:
- Lebanon
- Syria
Britain was mandated to administer:
- Palestine
- Mesopotamia (Iraq)
- Transjordan (Jordan)
Only Arab territory granted total independence, under Sherif Hussein, in 1920 was Soudi Arabia
What was the Arab reaction to the Treaty of Sevres?
Felt it was a thinly veiled takeover of the Middle-East by Britain and France. This was demonstrated in:
In violent Arab protests
To try and placate the Arabs Britain soon installed Hussein's sons:
As amirs of Transjordan and Mesopotamia, on the proviso they mantained a close relationship with Britain
- 1920
- 1921
In violent Arab protests
To try and placate the Arabs Britain soon installed Hussein's sons:
- Abdullah
- Feisal
As amirs of Transjordan and Mesopotamia, on the proviso they mantained a close relationship with Britain
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