Summary: Adulthood And Ageing

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• 1 week 1

• 1.1 H1

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• The developmental process of life is characterized by stability and change. Where does stability and change refer to

  Stability; refers to the essential parts of ourselves that remain consistent throughout our lives 
  
  change; indicates what happens to and shapes humans over time and makes them different from their younger and older selves

• Changes throughout adulthood towards the end of life can also be described in terms of outer and inner changes. What is the difference of outer and inner changes

  Outer; observable, such as starting to have grey hair 
  
  inner changes; less observable, they consist of beginning to fall in love or looking up to one's parents for life guidance

• What are normative age-graded influences

  Those are the influences that are due to age and experienced by most adults.

• Which three types of age-graded influences are there

  1. Biological age graded infleunces; natural aging process > biological clock
  
  2. Social clock; indicating the normal sequence of adult life experiences 
  
  3. Internal change processes; linked to how we respond to change of biological clock and social clock

• What is normative history graded influences

  This type of influence is linked to experiences resulting from historical events or conditions and has an impact on adult development as well.

• What is nonnormative life events

  Refer to aspects which are rather unique to an individual and not shared by many others

• Similarly to genetics, our environment can also influence our stable traits. How?

  Early family experiences has been found out to have a lifelong effect on us. Early childhood development can lead to emotional openness, trust, good health or loneliness, mistrust and illness

• Where does DNA methylation refers to

  The process by which the genes are modified. It states that the DNA is being chemically modified via an additional methyl group, resulting in decreased gene expression

• What does the life-span developmental psychology approach say

  This approach states that development is lifelong, multidimensional, plastic, contextual and has multiple causes.

• What is the difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal study

  Cross sectional; data is being gathered at a specific point in time from particpants who are in different age groups
  
  longitudinal study; researcher follows and studies the same group of people over a certain period of time