Food Fraud

14 important questions on Food Fraud

What are the analytical techniques to detect food fraud?

  • Chromatography
  • Mass spectrometry
  • DNA-based techniques
  • Immunology
  • Physical tests, e.g. DSC
  • Wet chemistry
  • Microscopy
  • Sensor-based technologies
  • Sensory analysis

What are the traditional analytical techniques focusing on?

Good or bad for instance:
For good: e.g. minimum protein level
For bad: e.g. detection of a specific adulterant

What is a single marker approach based on?

Looking if certain DNA is present or not. Looking if you have a certain compound proving there is fraud. Mainly looking at one thing. However geographic origin, farming management systems or the application of special processes can not be detected int his way.
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What are targeted methods/single marker approach?

Methods that target 1 thing for instance:
  • Moisture content
  • Melamine testing
  • Stabile isotope measurements

How can they determine if a fish was frozen or not before being sold?

By looking at the water/protein ratio. Higher for frozen products.

What is a fingerprint analysis?

You look for a certain pattern that is specific for a certain product. So the finger print distinguishes the product from the other products.
So you compare a group due to natural variation.

What is the finger printing approach?

You plot samples and then you see the normal variation in your data set. From this you make a statistic model.
Then there will be samples that fall out and there will be samples so far out that they need further testing.

You always need to be on the safe side of the producer you don't want to accuse people falsely

Why are eggs vulnerable for fraud?

Since you can gain a lot of money by mislabeling them.

Does a sensory test work to make a difference between organic and non organic eggs?

No difference can be found. So sensory test is not an option.

What might be an instrumental method to separate biologic form normal eggs?

The carotanoids.
normal eggs can make use of artificial colorants to give specific yellow colour.

What group of egg sampels were taken and what was doen with them

They polled the eggs in order to get the mean of the farm.

What was the result of the egg experiment?

Biological eggs are all in the same range and normal eggs have a big variation.

What is a new trent in food safety?

Little spectroscopes gives a IR spectrum telling you if the product is real or not.

What is the problem with the little spectroscopes?

The situation is not controlled. Manny factors that can influence the measurement and give a false result.

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