Lipids - F. Physical characteristics of fats
24 important questions on Lipids - F. Physical characteristics of fats
What is the solid fat content and what does it effect?
SFC affects:
- spreadability,
- consistency
- stability
- sensorial properties
How can you calculate solid fat content with an NMR?
Solid fat gives different response in NMR than liquid fat
- signal from solids decay much faster than signals from liquids
- Calculation of ratio between solid and liquid
What is the difference between an paralel and serial measurment?
Serial measurement: 1 sample tube is prepared with which each temperature is measured
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What is the definition of melting point and where is it in this picture?
It is between the 0 point and the one before. This is because you don't measure for every temperature.
What is the relation between chain length and melting point?
What is the relation between unsaturation and MP?
Why is the red line wrong for cocobutter and the green line correct?
How does temperature influence the crystallization?
If you are for below the melting point you get small crystals. Then you have a lot of starting points from which the crystals start to grow.
What are the things influencing the melting point?
- TAG-composition: fatty acid distribution on TAG
- Chain length
- Unsaturation
- Trans-fatty acids
- Crystal form
What is the difference between primary and secondary crystallization?
- Homogeneous: spontaneous (supercooling needed)
- Heterogeneous: on foreign material (more likely)
Secondary crystallization : Secondary nuclei
- small crystals removed from growing crystals (stirring helps)
- adding crystals
In what doe crystals differ form each other?
- Activation energy
- Melting point
- Stability
- Density
What is the difference in activation energy between crystals?
Beta has the highest activation energy, but also he most energy is released.
So exothermal process in the end
What is the relation between crystal form and melting point?
Which polymorph has the highest nucleation rate (will be formed the most)?
What is polymorph translation?
What are the crystal-forms in each stage?
pre-crystallisation stage: IV, V, VI, You lose the IV when you heat it up to 32 degrees. Primary nucleation
Solidification stage: V crystals are formed. Secondary nucleation
What is different scanning calorimetry?
So this helps you to find out which crystals you have because you will have different heat uptake.
Where in the curve melting is taking place?
Is energy consumed or released during melting?
called ENDO
Is energy consumed or released during crystallization?
peak does down
What is the onset and offset temperature?
Offset around -15 degrees.
What are the different peaks?
A2: alfa
Why is there a big difference between crystalisation and melting temprature?
It needs to be cooled down very strongly before nuclea can grow.
When does the peak of the crystallizing and melting curve become broader and how can you move it?
Saturation makes it move, more saturated lower tempratues are needed to crystalise, higher tempratures are needed to melt.
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