Probiotics
18 important questions on Probiotics
What is the oral micro flora?
Many different. On the surface airobe, between the tooth anairobe.
What is the defence mechanism of the body against bacteria?
What is the micro flora that can grow in the small intestins, and how many is there?
First the aerobic micro-organisms like ecoli start to grow. Later the anaerobic micro-organisms
You end with 10^9 microorganisms
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How are the conditions in the LI and how manic MO are there?
10^9 go in and 10^11 come out. This is 1 to 10% of the feces.
What is the intenstial micro flora?
So with fecal analysis you only analyse the population at the end.
What to groups of M.organisms are there in the intestinal microflora?
- The dominant or resident bacterial flora. (Always there)
- The transient bacterial flora (moste often small intestinal or oral bactiera) different from person to person
On what does the micro flora depend?
- Host
- Species
- Individual
- Genetic factors
- Diet
What doe the bacteria in or stomach do?
- Absorption/digestion: fermentation/microbial enzymes
- Protection: inhibition of pathogens
- Bile: modification of bile salts
- Stimulation
- Anti-mutagenic activity
- Formation of mutagens
What determonts how well things are fermented?
How does the primary metabolism in the large intestine go?
How can you influance the intestinal microflora?
- By competition and exclusion (probiotics, antibiotics)
- By changing the metabolism: Prebiotics
How does the approach competition and exclusion work?
- Small intestinal overgrowth
- Antibiotic-associated diarrhea prevention
- Foodborne (oral) pathogens, can make you sick because there is no protection.
This approach can only work in the small intestens.
Why does probiotics have no effect in the small intestines?
How does a product influencing the metabolism work?
- reducing/stimulating enzymes
- reducing/pH
- increasing fermentation
Changing bacterial composition
- Selective stimulation of certain groups
This is doen by adding certain substrates: prebiotics
The main target is the large intestine. Not much bacterial metabolism in the small intestine.
Why is naming all bacteria not that important?
What is the official definition of probiotics?
Why do probiotic products do not exist?
On what is the effect of a probiotic dependent?
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