GI tract microbes
25 important questions on GI tract microbes
What are the five modes of action of probiotics?
- acid production
- production of bacteriocins
- competition for substrates
- competition for adhesion sites
- immunomodulation
How does the acid production of probiotics have an influence?
It would be more logical if the bacteria are stopped by a bit lowering of the pH
How does the production of bacteriocins have an influence on the on the intestinal microflora?
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How does probiotics influence the immune system?
However if it really makes people healthier is not known. However for some diseases it is proven that it works.
How does probiotics work with competition for adhesion site?
However this can not be proven because you can not put a camera in the intestine.
What are the most probable reasons that probiotics work?
To what do probiotics work?
- diarrhoea
- traveller’s diarrhoea
- antibiotic associated diarrhoea - food-associated diarrhoea
- obstipation
- Candida
- lactose intolerance
- IBS
- ulcerative colitis
- acne
- obesitas
- cancer …
How does a probiotic influance diarrhoea?
And a certain pathogen might mork for one probiotic but not for the other.
So a product with multiple strains of probiotics has more effect. However this is never tested.
Why does clostridum form a risk for pations who get a lot of antibiotics?
Because it forms a lot of spores it is very dangerous in hospitals. Because here you have sick people who get a lot of antibiotics.
What can you do to get rit of the clostridium in the intestine?
What can candida do in the intestinece?
How can you treat candida in the intestice?
What makes that many probiotics do not work?
Why have many probiotics no claim?
However this is needed to prove the claims.
Is a probitic strian or species dependent?
What is the bifiogenic factor, non-digestible ologosaccharides and microbiota-accessible carbohydrates?
Any component stimulating the growth of bifidobacteria
Prebiotics are not always bifidogenic
Bifidogenic factors are not always prebiotics
Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs):
Short-chain carbohydrates that are not digested in the small intestine and enter the large intestine unaltered
NDOs are not necessarily bifidogenic or prebiotics
Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MAC’s)
Any fermentable carbohydrate in the large intestine
What are the claimes of prebiotics?
- Relief of constipation
- Reduce intestinal pH
- Restore intestinal bacterial balance
- Reduce blood cholesterol level
- Increase mineral absorption
- Reduce cancer risk
- Immune stimulation
What are the side effects of prebiotics?
Becasue lots of people are intollerant it is hard to put enough in there to be effective but not to give people diarrhea.
What are the olysacharides only stimulation bifidobacteria?
All in all there are no oligosacharids that stimulate a certain kind of bacteria. This is because one bacteria produces a substrate for the other bacteria and the others will start to grow to.
Why do the people in france have a very low amoutn of befilobacteria before they eat probiotics and a very hight amount after eating prebiotics?
Bifilobacteria will start to branch if they dont have enough food. The damaged bacteria were killed by the medium.
Becasue there was more substrate with the prebiotics there were less bacteria branched and the medium could not kill them. So now it seems you have more bifilobacteria even tough this is not true.
Can a prebiotic be a non carbohydrate.
So they dont have to be
When do you have an oligosacharide intolerance?
He number of which bacterium, present in the large intestine, varies a lot between people?
What are two disadvantages of probiotics
- The positive effects are only temporarily.
- The number of food products is restricted because of the requirement to use living cells.
As a product developer, which two bacteria would you choose for your new probiotic product?
- lactobacillus acodophilus
- lactobacillus casei
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