Personality and Coping

7 important questions on Personality and Coping

Body transcendence vs. body preoccupation

One of Peck's (1968) necesarry adjustments, whereby older adults must rise above physical changes and discomfort and find ways to enjoy life with reduced physical capabilities and less physical perfection.

Ego differentiation vs. work-role preoccupation

One of Peck's (1968) necessary adjustments, whereby older adults must learn to define self-worth outside the work role.

Ego transcendence vs ego preoccupation

Peck's necessary adjustments, whereby older adults must adapt to the prospect that life is finite and must focus on future generations ratherthan being preoccupied with their own needs.
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Optimization of primary and secondary control (OPS)

A theoretical model that proposes that, with increasing age, biological and social challenges limit the broad use of primary control. Older adults must apply their efforts at primary control selectively where success is most attainable. Otherwise, secondary control takes on greater importance.

Primary control processes

Actions and behaviors that individuals direct at the external world with the intention of influencing, shaping, or changing the environment so that it fits more closely with their needs and desires.

Strength and vulnerability integration

(SAVI) A theroy regarding age-related gain and age-related losses with regard to emotional processes. When levels of stress are not too high or too chronic, older adults use their strengths to overcome the negative effects of stressful events, thus maintaining a high level of well-being.

Secondary control processes

When primary control is not possible or successful, individuals use internal processes to alter goals and expectations and accept existing realities that cannot be changed.

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