Single-gene inheritance - Single-gene inheritance patterns - Mendel's law of equal segregation

7 important questions on Single-gene inheritance - Single-gene inheritance patterns - Mendel's law of equal segregation

What is Mendel's first law or the law of segregation?

The members of a gene pair segregate equally into the product cells.

What is a fertilized egg, the first cell that develops into a progeny individual, called?

A zygote

What is a plant with a pair of identical  alleles called?

A homozygote
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What is a plant in which the alleles of the pair differ called?

A heterozygote (adjective heterozygous).  . Sometimes a heterozygote for one gene is called a monohybrid.

What are allelic combinations underlying phenotypes, in genetics generally called?

Genotypes

The pure-breeding lines are homozygous/heterozygous

Homozygous

Selfing the F1 individuals can be thought of as a cross of the type Y/y × Y/y, which is sometimes called a ....

Monohybrid cross

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