Genomes and genomics - Obtaining the sequence of a genome
4 important questions on Genomes and genomics - Obtaining the sequence of a genome
What is the current general strategy for obtaining and assembling the sequence of a genome called? This approach is based on determining the sequence of many segments of genomic DNA that have been generated by breaking the long chromosomes of DNA into many short segments.
There are two approaches to whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Which ones?
- traditional WGS (relies on the cloning of DNA in microbial cells and employs the Sanger dideoxy sequencing technique)
- next-generation WGS (cell-free methods that employ new techniques for sequencing and are designed for very high throughput)
The goal of next-generation WGS is the same as that of traditional WGS—to obtain a large number of overlapping sequence reads that can be assembled into ....
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Several different next generation WGS systems have been developed that, while they differ in their sequencing chemistry and machine design, each employ three strategies that have dramatically increased throughput:
- DNA molecules are prepared for sequencing in cell-free reactions, without cloning in microbial hosts.
- Millions of individual DNA fragments are isolated and sequenced in parallel during each machine run.
- Advanced fluid-handling technologies, cameras, and software make it possible to detect the products of sequencing reactions in extremely small reaction volumes.
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