Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes - Dynamic chromatine - DNA methylation: another heritable mark that influences chromatin structure

4 important questions on Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes - Dynamic chromatine - DNA methylation: another heritable mark that influences chromatin structure

The addition of methyl groups to DNA residues after replication. An enzyme usually attaches these methyl groups to the carbon-5 position of a specific cytosine residue.

DNA methylation

True or false. 70 to 80 percent of all CG dinucleotides are methylated genome-wide.

True

Because DNA methylation is more stable than histone modifications, it is often associated with regions of the genome that are maintained in an inactive/active state for the entire lifetime of an organism.

Inactive
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In eukaryotes, transcription levels are made finely adjustable in a chromatin environment by clustering binding sites into enhancers. Several different transcription factors or several molecules of the same transcription factor may bind to adjacent sites. The binding of these factors to sites that are the correct distance apart leads to an amplified, or superadditive, effect on activating transcription. When an effect is greater than additive, it is said to be

synergistic

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