Data input and editing - Introduction
12 important questions on Data input and editing - Introduction
What if GIS has no data ?
What are analogue (non-digital) data ?
What is digital data ?
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To setup a GIS database would be easy if?
All data need to be converted to digital form before they can be input into GIS ? how can this be done ?
-manual digitizing
-automatic digitizing
-scanning
Errors in input data may derive from three main sources which ones ?
-errors introduced during encoding
-errors propagated during data transfer and conversion
Data derived from different sources may also be referenced using different co-ordinate systems. the grid systems used may have different origins, different units of measurement or different orientation. how can this be solved ?
2.creating a common origin:if two data sets use the same co-ordinate resolution but do not share the same origin, then the origin of one of the data sets may be shifted in line with the other one.
3.rotation: map co-ordinates may be rotated to fit one or more data sets onto a grid of common orientation
What is line thinning?
What is the difference/relationship between automatic digitizing and scanning (see third column in Table 5.1 of the GIS text book)?
What is the preferred way to digitize a height contour map: scanning or manual/automatic line digitizing? Motivate your answer.
A researcher wants to develop a land cover map of a floodplain nature area. The researcher decides to base the map on a digital aerial photograph because this digital image can be easily captured in a GIS database. Is this a clever decision?
The alternative (manual digitizing) is not impossible, but seems less efficient. The digitizer needs to be able to interpret the different types of land use from a photo which is very laborious, error-prone and costly.
A researcher wants to set up a GIS database to study the relationship between the presence of roads and the abundance of wildlife in the Province of Gelderland. The researcher has three information sources:
- a paper nature area map of Staatsbosbeheer covering the eastern part of the Netherlands;
- a digital road map of the province of Gelderland from Rijkswaterstaat;
- wildlife abundance data for the different nature areas in the Netherlands collected by non-governmental nature organisations.
Specify at least four activities that should be performed by the researcher to develop a sound GIS database.
- First the paper map has to be scannned and
- georeferenced to match the digital road map (data capture, re-projection)
- Then the nature areas can be digitized as polygons (data capture, editing)
- The wildlife abundance data can added to the nature area polygons attributes (data capture).
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