Neutrophil migration in response to infection or inflammation
5 important questions on Neutrophil migration in response to infection or inflammation
What are the two mechanism that recruit neutrophils used by chemokines and other chemoattractants?
1. Inducing local upregulation of adhesion molecule expression on vascular endothelium and neutrophils, making the cells stick to the vessel wall.
2. Activating neutrophil migration between the endotheial cells and into the tissue along the chemotactic gradient.
What can induce neutrophil migration?
Low concentrations of chemoattractants.
What happens in high concentrations of chemoattractants?
- Receptors for chemoattractants are downregulated
- The cells remain at the inflammatory site
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What can cause pus formation?
Large numbers of accumulated activated neutrophils
Interferons can be divided into two types, type 1 and type 2. What are the characteristics of each type?
Type 1 ( and
interferons);
- Have potent antiviral activity
- Mainly produced by firboblasts & monocytes on infection
- Bint to same cellular receptor
- Protect uninfected cells
- Increase MHC class I molecules
Type 2 ( or immune interferon);
- Acting directly on immune system to activate macrophage, neutrophil intercellular killing, stimulate NKC & induce Ag presentation in MHC class II
- Only produced by cells of immune system
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