Integumentary system

10 important questions on Integumentary system

What is the speciality that studies the function of the integumentary system?

Dermatology

What is the epidermis composed of?

Keratinised stratified squamous eptihelium.

It contains four principle types of cells

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Intraepidermal macrophages
Tactile epithelial cells

What is the hypodermis/ Subcutaneous?

No part of the skin but just under the dermis.
Hypo (under)
Consists of areolar and adipose (fat tissue)
Fibres that extend from dermis anchor skin to subcutaneous layer.

Serves as storage depot for fat (adipose tissue)
Contains large blood vessel that supply the skin,
contains nerve ending called lamellated corpuscles that are sensitive to pressure.    

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What are each hair composed of?

Dead keratinised epidermal cells bonded together by extracellular proteins.

What are nails made from? Name the three parts of the nail.

They are plates of tightly packed, hard, dead, keratinesd epidermal cells that for a solid covering ocer the dorsal surface of the distal portions of the digits.

Each nail consists of nail body, nail root and a free edge.

What are some of the functions of the integumentary system? (hint 6)

Thermoregulation
Storage of blood
protection
Cutaneous sensations
excretion and absorption
Systhesis of vitamin D

How does skin contribure to thermoregulation?

In response to high environmental temperature or heat produce by exercise , sweat production from the eccrine sweat glands increases, the evaporation of sweat from the skin surface helpd to lower body temperature.
And other way is adjusting the flow of blood in the dermis.

How does the dermis act as a blood reservoir?

The dermis has lots of blood vessels that carry 8-10% of the total blood flow in a resting adult.

Name 7 ways that the skin provides protection for the body.

Melanin production- protects against harmful effects of Ultravoilet light.

Increases normal cell replacement when required maintains the integrity of the body. Helps heal wounds.

Elimination helps protect the body from a build up of poisonous substances.

Retention of body fluids prevents dehaydration

Waterproof barrier precents harmful fluid in the environment from entering the body.

Production of sebum: sebum contains bacterial chemical that can destroy surface bacteria.

Sweating Helps main body temperature and its acidic PH can inhibit the proliferation of bacteria.

What is aging characterised by? When to most age related changes begin? Where do they impact in the skin? What are some risk factors that accelerate age-related changes?

A progressive decline in the body's ability to restore homeostasis.

About 40
 
in the proteins in the dermis.


Prolonges exposure to the sun
Smoking
alcohol abuse
drug abuse
poor diet

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