Summary: Applied Sp

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• 1 introduction

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• What is the difference between the Theoretical approach and the Applied Approach

  Is that it not only focuses on the limited internal view but also the applied context and addresses the problem directly.

• When being told the descriptive and injunctive norms people:

  Decreased their usage more when being over average and increased their usage less when being over average

• 2 Lecture 2

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• Thing to watch out for when choosing a situation

  • Simplicity 
    
  • unobtrusiveness 
  • Getting permission for research in restricted places like schools or homes 
  • picking situation with frequent activity 

• 3 Personality and prosocial behavior

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• Overlook comparison group

  Inferring associations and casualities even tho its not possible. Random assignment, comparison group.

• Pleasant truth problem

  Thinking an idea is true because it makes us feel better

• Self correcting systems, the 4 steps

  1. Theory about how something works 
     
  2. Generate predictions 
  3. Systematic empirical observation 
  4. Comparing the observation with the theory 

• Personality also predicts important outcomes and behaviors

  • Social status 
    
  • Relationship quality 
  • health 

• Types A personality mystery

  • Exaggerated sense of time urgency 
    
  • Competition and ambitious 
  • Hostile and aggressive 

• Why is personality type A a risk factor for heart disease ?

  Increasing cardiovascular reactivity

• Vicious cycle type A Personality

  1. Hostility leads to less social support and more conflicts 
     
  2. This leads to a more stressful environment 
  3. This then leads to more hostility