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The Metaphysics of God - Arguments Relating to the Existence of God - Teleological Arguments

8 important questions on The Metaphysics of God - Arguments Relating to the Existence of God - Teleological Arguments

What is the argument that 'An Argument From A Unique Case can Still be Successful'?

An argument form a unique case can still be successful because, despite being a unique case, we still make inferences about the origins of the universe. Furthermore, scientists try to make inferences about the origins of the universe.

What example could you give that 'An Argument From a Unique Case can Still be Successful'?

Cosmologists are reaching well supported conclusions about the physical origins and the nature of the universe as a whole, despite the fact that it appears to be unique as we have no point of comparison.

What is the argument that 'Few People Have Experience of Certain Artefacts Being Made'?

Within his 'Natural Theology', William Paley argues that it is irrelevant whether we have never seen an object being made and we have no understanding of how it is manufactured. Oftentimes, we have no experience of artefacts being made but we are still certain they have been designed by an intelligence because they have design like features such as their intricate parts which are adjusted to meet an end.
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What example could you give, presented by William Paley, that 'Few People Have Experience of Certain Artefacts Being Made'?

Paley gives the example of asking 'does one man in a million know how oval frames are turned?'. Most people are ignorant of this, yet we have no doubt that they are designed by an intelligence because they have intricate parts which are adjusted to meet the end of framing a picture.

What are the Teleological Arguments?

  1. David Hume's 'Argument From Analogy'
  2. William Paley's 'Argument From Spatial Order'
  3. Richard Swinburne's 'Argument From Temporal Order'

What is the 'Argument From Spatial Order'?

William Paley asserts within his ‘Natural Theology’ that some things within nature posses design like properties such as having intricate parts adjusted in the attempt of meeting an end. Then, he asserts that these design like properties cannot be produced by random, natural processes. Therefore, some things in nature must be product ‘of an intelligent creator’.

What example could you give of 'The Argument From Spatial Order'?

The human eye has design like properties in the form of having intricate parts such as the lens, pupil, and cornea which are adjusted to meet the end of allowing humans to see.

What example could you give, presented by Richard Swinburne, supporting the 'Argument From Temporal Order'?

Swinburne provides the example that the universe could have behaved in an infinite number of ways and there is an extremely small chance of the universe existing the way it is. Furthermore, we would expect a universe created by chance to behave in an erratic manner, yet our universe does not.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

AQA A-level Philosophy Year 2 Metaphysics of God and metaphysics of mind | 9781471899843 | Jeremy Hayward, et al

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