Baum et al. (2000) "Don't go it alone

21 important questions on Baum et al. (2000) "Don't go it alone

What do the authors hypothesize?

That startups can enhance their early performance by:
  1. Establishing alliances
  2. Configuring them into an efficient network that provides access to diverse informatin and capabilities with minimum costs of redundancy, conflict, and complexity
  3. Judiciously allying with potential rivals that provide more opportunity for learning and less riks of intra-alliance rivalry

Which multiple measures of performance are examined?

  • Revenue growth
  • Employment growth
  • R&D spending growth
  • Patenting success

Which two sets of founding conditions are emphasized by Stinchcombe (1965)?

  1. Organizational
  2. Environmental
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What is the organizational founding condition?

Startups' key members are typically unfamiliar roles and new work relationships at time when organizational resources are stretched to the limit

What is the environmental founding condition?

New firms are assumed to lack broad bases of influence and endorsement, stable exchange relationships with important external constituents, and perceptions of quality, reliability and legitimacy that years of experience in providing particular products or services confers on more established suppliers

What has the recent research on alliances and networks stressed?

The value of interorganizational relationships for accessing resources and creating competitive advantage

When should a new firm's alliances provide a significant buffer against the hazards typically faced by start-ups?

  • If a new firm lacks resources and suffers in the marketplace from uncertainty about its wares
  • If alliances provide both access to resources it lacks and favorable signals about the firm when its true qualtities are least well known

By forming strategic alliances, startups can thus potentially access

Social
Technical
Commercial competitive resources that normally require years of operating experience to acquire

What are the advantages that startups are usually associated with by forming interorganizational alliances?

The privilege of advanced age including
  • Access to strategic and operational knowhow
  • Possession of stable exchange relationships and innovative capabilities
  • External endorsement of its operations
  • The perceived quality and reliability of its products and services among potential customers, suppliers, employees, collaborators, and investors

Which factors are likely to influence the effectiveness of a startup's alliance configuration?

  1. Redundancy (overtolligheid)
  2. Internal conflict
  3. Complexity

Why does the growth in the number of alliances increases potential partner redundancy?

Alliances are redundant to the extent that they provide access to the same information or complementary assets

Where may a highly redundant configuration even prevent a firm from?

Obtaining new or novel information critical to its adaptation by limiting the number of links to firms in touch with emerging innovations

Where does the potential for conflict depends on?

On how many network members perform similar functions or take on duplicate roles

Which two opposing effects can internal conflict have?

  1. It can increase flexibility (to a certain point), foster innovation, and ensure security of access to critical complementary assets
  2. It can fragment the network as partners' competing interest pull in different directions, members fail to reach sufficient scale of returns to invest in the alliance, and appropriation concerns derail cooperative efforts

What are efficient alliance configurations?

Configurations that provide access to more diverse information and capabilities per alliance and thus produce desired benefits with minimum costs of redundancy, conflict, and complexity

Why are startups drive to forge alliances with their potential rivals?

Because established rivals are repositories of knowledge needed by organization builders

Where can startups gain access to by allying with potential rivals?

To uncodified, tacit knowledge about strategy, technology and operations critical to their success

Where do the hazards of allying with potential rivals hinge on?

On the likelihood that such partners will initiate learning races. To the extent that potential rivals vary in their propensity to launch learning races different potential rivals present different levels of risk.

Where may alliance benefits also vary by?

By partner quality-defined skill level critical for competitive success in a particular market

What do high quality partners possess?

Leading-edge technology and production capabilities

Which alliances are the most promising opportunities to learn new routines and acquire advanced technological knowhow?

Alliances with the most skilled innovators

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