Personality and personality disorders - Self-report questionnaires
7 important questions on Personality and personality disorders - Self-report questionnaires
High heritability already visible at young age
Except for birth, twin studies show high heritability at all ages.
When twins grow up --> MZ twins are far more alike than DZ twinst. Heirtability is high at a young age but also shared C has influence.
Towards adulthood ypu see that C does disappears and does not return.
So genes play a role in individual differences in BMI
In older age cohorts an AE model is generally found for BMI, with an estimated heritability of around 70%.
In younger persons an ACE model is often seen --> In childhood the variation in BMI is determined by genetic as well as shared and unique environment, but heritability is still high.
Only small percentage of variance is explained
Very many genes involved in BMI
Gene-gene interaction can play a role
Gene environment correlation can play a role.
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Mouse ob/ob produces
Eating habits in young adults
Twins were asked if they were on a diet, if they felt anxious to gain weight, if they were slow or quick eaters, and if they would still eat even when they were full.
Clear influence of genetic factors except for eating till full.
FTo and response to food
FTO gene turned out to be very important for weight
The same variant which is related to high BMI AA is related to less quickly feeling full less satiett responsiveness which leads to more eating
Gene FTO in different environments
- In the group where there is little physical exercise
the risk gene for BMI (FTO-gene) is important and
has influence on the differences in BMI. - - In the group that does a lot of physical activity the different variants of the gene do not
have an influence on the BMI.
- So, there is a clear G x E interaction for effect gene (FTO).
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