Summary: Bio #1

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• Bio #1

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• - molecules found in living cells- carbon based

  Biomolecules

• A pure substance with unique physical and chemical properties- cannot be broken down into other substances

  Element

• Move around the nucleus in a defined space-participate in chemical reactions-Electrons-Outer shell electrons determine chemical behavior

  Negatively charged electrons

• They have the same number of protons and electrons but differ in the number of neutrons-can come in different forms- differ only in their atomic mass

  Isotopes

• They have unstable nuclei that decay into simpler forms, releasing high-energy radiation in the process

  Radioisotopes

• Are two or more atoms that share electrons through a chemical bond, known as a COVALENT BOND- can contain atoms of the same element or different elements

  Molecules

• Atoms that have gained or lost electrons and have an electrical charge

  ions

• A bond that occurs between negatively and positively charged ions- forms between atoms with opposite electrical charges

  ionic bond

• compounds that are held together by ionic bonds that form a crystal lattice   -held together by the mutual attraction between positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chlorine ions

  Salts

• Consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom held together by covalent bonds- a polar molecule with slightly positive hydrogen atoms and a slightly negative oxygen atom- an excellent solvent for polar compounds (like salts) but not non polar compounds (like oils)- has a high heat capacity and can absorb and release large amounts of heat

  Water