I.1 Energies

13 important questions on I.1 Energies

What are examples of a system?

A molecule, a cell, an organism, a glass of water, a train

Name 4 examples of state variables

1. Position
2. Volume
3. Temperature
4. Pressure

Which 2 state variables do we discriminate in?

1. Intensive
2. Extensive
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What happens to the extensive and intensive variables if you combine 2 systems?

The intensive variables add up, the intensive variable do not

What is the result of a difference in intensive variables?

A difference in intensive variables leads to an exchange of extensive variable

Where does U stand for?

The amount of internal energy

What is the first law of thermodynamics? + formule

Energy is conserved, ΔU = q - W

What happens to the energy content of a working system?

The energy content decreases

Name the formule of work and place it in the first law ( by steam engines)

Volume work: W= V x Δp
In first law: ΔU = q - V x Δp

Name the formule of work and place it in the first law ( by biology)

Volume work: W = p x ΔV
In first law: ΔU = q - p x ΔV

What is Enthalpy (H)?

Enthalpy change is the heat added to or produced by the system at constant pressure

When is ΔH = ΔU? Under which conditions?

ΔH = ΔU except when there are volume changes
ΔH= ΔU + pΔV

What is an equilibrium system?

The particles are equally divided throughout the system, most probable state

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