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Biologie; Plant structure

26 important questions on Biologie; Plant structure

For what reason would you prune?

To control the size of the plant
To improve the appearance of the plant
To improve the health of the plant
To influence fruiting and flowering
To train young plants (to produce stronger tree or to produce more branched shrub)

Most monocots have ....... Veins
Most eudicots have .......... veins

Monocots: parallel veins
Eudicots: Branching veins

Describe a simple leaf:

-Single undivied blade
-Can be deeply lobed

Describe a compound leaf:

-Has multiple leaflets
-Leaflet has no axillary bud at its base

All three basic vascular plant organs are composed of three fundamental tissues. Which are:

Dermal
Vascular
Ground

Function of Dermal, vascular and ground tissue:

-Dermal: protective cover
-Vascular: transports materials between root and shoot
-Ground: has the most metabolic function

What is a pith?

A pitch is ground tissue internal to the vascular tissue

What is a cortex?

A cortex is ground tissue external to the vascular tissue

Name 5 common types of plant cells

Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Water-conducting cells of the xylem
Sugar-conducting cells of the phloem

What are the two types of sclerenchyma cells:

-Sclereids (are shorts and irregular in shape and have thick lignified secondary walls)
-Fibers (are long and slender, and arranged in threads)

What are the two types of water-conducting cells (Xylem)?

-Tracheids
-Vessel elements (wider, shorter and thinner walled)

How does the waterflows go by the vessel elements and the tracheids?

-Vessel elements: The water moves through perforation plate
-Tracheids: has tapered ends; water moves mainly through pits

Phloem (sugar-condacting cells)
Sieve plates contains

Sieve plates contains many pores through which nutrients are transported

What does each sieve-tube element have? (phloem)

Each sieve-tube element has a companion cell, whose nucleus and ribosome serve both cells

Each stomatal pore is flanked by two ........., which regulate its opening and closing.

Guard cells

Mesophyll is ground tissue in a leaf, between the upper and lower epidermis.

Mesophyll is formed of .......... ?

Is formed of parenchyma cells

Palisade mesophyll (just under upper epidermis) contains more .....1...... And is important for ......2......

1.) Chloroplasten
2.) Photosynthesis

Spongy mesophyll (just above the lower epidermis) are the .........

Are the spaces between the cells. Also serves for circulation of CO2 and O2

Based on the length of the life cicle, flowering plants can be categorized as: (3 things)

-Annuals: complete their life cycle in a year or less
-Biennals: Require two growing seasons
-Perennials: live for many years

There are two types of meristems:

-Apical meristems; elongate shoots and roots, a process called primary growth

-laternal maristems; add thickness to woody plants, a process called secondary growth

Where is the roottip by covered?

-By a root cap

A rootcap protects the apical meristem as the root pushes through soil.

Growth occurs just behind the root tip, in three zones of cells:

-Zone of cell division

-Zone of elongation

-zone of differantiation

There are two types of lateral meristems:

-Vascular cambium
-Cork cambium

What does a Vascular cambium do?

It adds layers of vascular tissue, called secondary xylem and secondary phloem

What does cork cambium do?

It replaces the epidermis with periderm, which is thicker and tougher

When a vascular cambium divides-->

Sometimes one daugther cell becomes a secondary xylem cells to the inside or secondary phloem cells to the outside

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

Biologie; Plant structure

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Biologie; Plant structure

26 important questions on Biologie; Plant structure

For what reason would you prune?

Most monocots have ....... VeinsMost eudicots have .......... veins

Describe a simple leaf:

Describe a compound leaf:

All three basic vascular plant organs are composed of three fundamental tissues. Which are:

Function of Dermal, vascular and ground tissue:

What is a pith?

What is a cortex?

Name 5 common types of plant cells

What are the two types of sclerenchyma cells:

What are the two types of water-conducting cells (Xylem)?

How does the waterflows go by the vessel elements and the tracheids?

Phloem (sugar-condacting cells)Sieve plates contains

What does each sieve-tube element have? (phloem)

Each stomatal pore is flanked by two ........., which regulate its opening and closing.

Mesophyll is ground tissue in a leaf, between the upper and lower epidermis. Mesophyll is formed of .......... ?

Palisade mesophyll (just under upper epidermis) contains more .....1...... And is important for ......2......

Spongy mesophyll (just above the lower epidermis) are the .........

Based on the length of the life cicle, flowering plants can be categorized as: (3 things)

There are two types of meristems:

Where is the roottip by covered?

Growth occurs just behind the root tip, in three zones of cells:

There are two types of lateral meristems:

What does a Vascular cambium do?

What does cork cambium do?

When a vascular cambium divides-->

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