Summary: Biology
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3 Protein traffic
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Intracellular transport happens via 2 ways, which 2?
Direct transport and vesicular transport. -
To which 3 organelles does direct transport occur?
Mitochondria, ER, nucleus -
What are signal sequences and where do you find them?
Adress label of the protein at the n-terminus -
Give the 6 steps of co-translational insertion in the ER.
1. Signal sequence comes out of the ribosome
2. SRP binds to signal sequence (GTP dependent)
3. Translocation through sec61(translocon)
4. Signal peptidase cuts off signal sequence
5. Protein insertion
6. Ribosome released from translocon -
What is the function of BiP? Is it hydrofobic or filic?
Keeps the proteinunfolded after it is made. Hydrophobic(binds to hydrophobic parts) -
How comes a mebrane protein in the membrane?
Its pushed sideways out the translocon. -
How do you recognise the different type of mebrane proteins?
1. Type 4 through the multiple membrane proteinsections
2. Type 1 because it has a signal sequence cleeved of in the membrane
3. Type 2 and 3 the positive load is always in the cytosol, so the protein with C terminus in cytosol is type 3 and the reversed one is type 2. -
What is the difference between signal sequences and signal anchors?
Signal anchors are NOT cleeved off. -
Name 3 post translational modifications in the ER
- GPI anchoring
- Chaperone assisted folding (BiP)
- Formation of disulfide bonds (SS)
- Beginning of N-glycosylation -
What protein form SS bonds and where does this take place?
PDI in the ER Lumen
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