Drug administration routes and pharmaceutical dosage forms
20 important questions on Drug administration routes and pharmaceutical dosage forms
Wat is de volgorde voor geneesmiddelenontwikkeling?
- Bekijken van het mechanisme van de ziekte
- drug discovery
- characterisation
- formulation
- drug use
What to do with acute pain?
What to do with chronic pain?
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Where is biopharmaceutics (biofarmacie) leading for?
What types of action do you have?
- Systemic: API reaches its site of action via the blood stream. Het geneesmiddel moet via de bloedbaan de plaats van werking bereiken.
- Local: API is administered at the site where it should act. Het geneesmiddel wordt aangebracht op de plaats waar het moet werken.
What are the differences between pharm. Availability and bioavailability?
Pharm. Availability: disintegration and dissolution. Bioavailability: absorption, first pass metabolism, transport to site of action (blood stream).
First pass effect:
The different administration routes are:
Oral
Rectal: suppository, enema
vaginal: pessary
parenteral: injection
dermal
pulmonary: aerosol
nasal: drop
auricular: drop
orucular: drop
What are the advantages of using excipients?
- Facilitate production
- improve quality of the product
- optimise performance of the product
- increase patient acceptability and complaince
What are the functions of excipients?
- Filler
- Basis
- Viscosity enhancer
- Emulsifier
- Preservative (conserveermiddel)
- flavouring agent
- colouring agent
What are the administration routes for a systemic effect?
- Oral (by mouth)
- Rectal (by anus)
- Parenteral (by injection)
What are the administration routes for a local effect?
- Eye
- Ear
- Nose
- Mouth and throat
- Skin
- Lungs
- Anus, rectum
- Vagina
- Bladder (blaas)
What is the scheme of products that are ingested by mouth?
- Swallow
- Absorption via gastro-intestinal tract
- For systemic effect
How does oromucosal preperations work?
Where depend the pharmaceutical availability, rate of absorption and bioavailability on?
API is exposed to various conditions:
What kind of membrane is the gastrointestinal membrane?
What is the pH partition theory?
Solutions for weak basis and weak acids to cross lipid membranes?
- API weak base -> it is uncharged at 2 pH units above pKa
- API is weak acid -> it is uncharged at 2 pH units below pKa
pKa= 50% charged and 50% uncharged
Where is the duration in a plasma-time curve?
How long you stay in the therpeutic range, will determine the duration of effects takes. Aan hand van de duration kan je vaststellen hoe vaak het tablet moet worden ingenomen.
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