Summary: Bricks Biology
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2.1 how it all began
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What is a theory?
A plausible or scientifically acceptable idea or explanation which is given to explain obeservations -
How are variations in characteristics caused?
By random mutations which creates new gene variations or alleles -
Why is adaption essential?
If a species needs to survive the changing circumstances in its ecosystem -
what did it mean that fossils of shells can be found on top of mountains and volcanoes?
It means that once, the top of certain mountains must have been covered by a sea or that the bottom of the sea had been pushed upwards over time -
Which observations did Darwin make on the Galapagos islands?
The species that were living there were unique to the islands but also strikingly similar to species on the mainland, that made Darwin consider the possibility that species can change over time -
2.2 evidence for evolution
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Which kinds of structures are there?
Homologous, analogous and vestigial -
2.3 how about fossils?
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What does a paleontologist do?
They find the fossil and carefully removes it from the surrounding stone -
What does a geological layer represent?
A period of time -
2.4 how did life develop?
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what was the first planet made of?
Molten rock andgases -
Why did life on earth almost extinct?
There were dramatic changes in the climate and most life forms could not adapt
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