Occlusion and Malocclusion - Class III Malocclusions
8 important questions on Occlusion and Malocclusion - Class III Malocclusions
Incidence of Class III malocclusion? (refs)
Anterior Crossbite = 10% (Chestnut et al, 2004)
Aetiology of Class III malocclusion?
Patients with CLP may present with a Class III malocclusion
Skeletal features of class III malocclusion? (refs)
- Usually class III skeletal base relationship
- Reduced cranial base angle - forwards position of mandible (Hopkins et al, 1968)
- Maxillary retrusion is the most common contributing factor - 60% of all cases (Guyer et al, 1986)
- Sometimes a short cranial base
- Short maxilla, small and narrow relative to mandible which tends to be broad, therefore, crossbites likely
- Obtuse gonial angle
- Normal or reduced MMPA and lower face height
- Transverse skeletal discrepancy often a feature (Chen et al, 2008)
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Soft tissue features of Class III malocclusion?
- Not involved in aetiology but encourage dentoalveolar compensation
- Lower lip may be full and pendulous
Dental features of Class III malocclusion? (ref)
- CIII molar relationship
- Tendency to or full reverse overjet
- Reduced overbite
- AOB may exist
- Incisors compensate for skeletal base, i.e. Proclined maxillary and retroclined mandibular incisors
- Maxilla probably crowded, mandible unlikely to be so (Lin, 2007)
- In 'pseudo' class III there is bilateral class I buccal occlusion and majority of teeth are in anterior crossbite
Displacement in class III malocclusion?
Facial growth in class III malocclusion?
- Tends to be unfavourable, i.e. Backwards growth rotation
- Increased vertical growth
General treatment options for class III malocclusion?
- Growth modification
- Orthodontic camouflage
- Orthodontic decompensation and orthognathic surgery
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