Genetics of bacteria and archea - Mutation - molecular basis of Mutations

7 important questions on Genetics of bacteria and archea - Mutation - molecular basis of Mutations

What are induced mutations?

Are due to agents in the environment and include mutations made deliberately by humans

What are spontaneous mutations?

Those that occur without external intervention. They result from occasional errors in the paring of bases by DNA polymerase during DNA replication

Which mutation is caused by base-paring substitutions in the DNA or by the loss or gain of a single base pair?

Point mutation
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What is a silent mutation?

They do not effect the sequence of the encoded polypeptide (almmost always in the third base of the codon). And does not change the phenotype of the cell

What is a missence mutation?

If a single base changees witch results into an amino acid change

What can lead to a frameshift mutation?

If there is a deletion or insertion of a single base pair in the genetic code. There is a shift in the reading frame

If any of the deleted genes are essential, the mutation will be:

Lethal

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