Sources Of Law

18 important questions on Sources Of Law

Name some of the Primary articles in the Constitution.

  • Right to be treated equally.
  • Right to express freely ones convictions and opinions.
  • Right to assembly peacefully.
  • Right to form Associations and Unions.
  • Right to private property
  • Right to Life
  • Right to a good name
  • Freedom of expression

Three elements for an offer to be effective:

a. there must be serious and objective intent
b. the terms of the offer must be reasonably certain, or definite
c. it must be communicated to the offeree

Unenumerated Rights - Not expressly provided for but are interpreted by the courts.


Right to marital privacy,
Right to communication
Right to marry
Right to fair procedures
Right to litigate
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Agreements to Agree: Traditional vs. Modern View

Traditional- agreements to agree to the material terms of a contract at some future date were not considered to be binding contracts
Modern- agreements to agree may be enforceable contracts if it is clear that the parties intended to be bound by the agreements

Court System in Ireland

District Court
Circuit Court
High Court
Court of Appeal
Supreme of Court - deals appeals from High Court

What are the 2 methods for terminating offers?

a. Actions of the parties
b. Operation of Law

3.  Legislation or Statue Law

Constitution provides that the sole and exclusive power of making laws for the State is vested in the Oireachtas.  Before law it is known as a Bill, then passed by the Dail, Seanad and signed by the President before it can become law.  Binding on all citizens.    Known as Primary legislation.
All Bills require the presidents signature, he may refer any bill to the Supreme Court for a decision if concerned the bill is repugnant to the Constitution.

How can offers be terminated by Action of the Parties? (3 ways)

Revocation- the withdrawal of a contract offer by the offeror
Rejection- when the offeree rejects, either by words or conduct
Counteroffer- a rejection, by the offeree, of the original offer and the simultaneous making of a new offer

Termination by Operation of Law (4)

a. Lapse of time- an offer terminates automatically by law when the period of time specified in the offer has passed
b. Destruction of the subject matter (cell phone, house)- when it's destroyed before acceptance
c. Death or Incompetence- when the offeror or offeree dies or becomes legally incapacitated
d. Illegality- when a statute or court decision makes an offer illegal

5. Individual and Collective Labour Law.

Individual law deals within contract of employment and collective law is made with Trade Unions and employer.  Less regulated by legislation and very little EU involvement.  Main act is the Industrial Relations Act 1990.

What are the three necessary elements for an effective acceptance?

a. must be communicated to the offeror
b. voluntary assent
c. must be unequivocal

Who can accept an offer?

the offeree or that person's agent

Can silence constitute acceptance?

No, because there is no consideration given to the offeree to impose a liability
Exception- unless the offeree has a duty to speak

Communication of Acceptance: Bilateral vs. Unilateral

Bilateral- communication of acceptance is necessary because acceptance is in the form of a promise
Unilateral- communication of acceptance is not necessary because it's usually evident

What is the timeframe for accepting an offer?

before the offer is terminated

Substitute Method of Acceptance

occurs when the offeree accepts by a different means. The acceptance may still be effective if the substituted method serves the same purpose as the authorized means.

What contractual provisions should an online offer include? (7)

a. Acceptance of terms ("I accept")
b. Payment- how payment for the goods must be made
c. Return Policy- statement of the seller's refund and return policies
d. Disclaimer- disclaimers of liability for certain uses of the goods
e. Limitation on Remedies- provision specifying the remedies available to the buyer if the goods are found to be defective
f. Privacy Policy- a statement indicating how the seller will use the information gathered about the buyer
g. Dispute Resolution- provision relating to a settlement, such as an arbitration clause

The Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA)

the primary purpose is to remove barriers to e-commerce by giving the same leal effect to electronic records and signatures as is given to paper documents and signatures

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