General law

15 important questions on General law

What are examples of Civil law?

  • Personal and family law (marry/divorce)
  • Property law
  • Inheritance law
  • Company law

What is Penal law/ Criminal law?

  • Threatening certain behaviour with penalties
  • Government monopoly
  • Infraction vs. crime (infraction is overtreding, crime is theft, murder, assault, rape)
  • Fully copied (in the Netherlands ) 

Characteristics of Civil law (Contract law)

  • Not to be confused with the legal system 
  • Very large scope - Damages = Schadevergoeding  Tort = Onrechtmatige daad
  • More Freedoms
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What are the Basic principles of Civil law?

  • Good faith (Bona fides) (know or reasonably suppose to know)
  • Reasonableness and fairness 

Essential for doing Business!!!

What is a Juridical act?

Intended right or obligation by a human act

What is a Factual act?

  • Lawful act
  • Wrongful act = Drunken drive hit a pedestrian 
  • Breach of contract

What is a Contract?

Written agreement

What is a Bare legal fact?

No human act (examples: Dying, being born)

What is a Juridical act?

Unilateral = Acknowledge a child

Multilateral = Sales contract

Separation in Property law?

  • Corporal (tangible = Animal, table, cash <--> can be movable or immovable)
  • Incorporeal (intangible) 

What are examples of Proprietary and valuable rights (Patrimonial rights)?

  • Right to receive payment
  • Right to receive a thing
  • Right to receive a service
  • Other rights derived from an obligation
  • Intellectual property rights
  • Property rights

What are characteristics of Ownership?

  • You can do with your property whatever you want
  • Ownership of all parts 
  • Droit the suite --> Right of ownership follows the goods
  • Doit the preference --> Bankruptcy  

What are the rights of an Owner?

  • Right to enjoy
  • Right to use the fruits
  • Right to pursue legal action
  • Right of revindication (clame back)
  • Right to establish limited rights (encumbrances)
  • Right to transfer

What are categorical limitations to Ownership rights? 

  1. Rights accorded to others                 1. Limited rights 2. Personal rights
  2. Laws                                                       1. Formal laws 2. Laws of lower legislation 
  3. Rules of  unwritten law                     1. Rules of unwritten public laws 2. Rules of unwritten private laws

How can you abuse your rights in private law?

  • Without reasonable interest + sole purpose of annoying someone else
  • Disproportionately small advantage versus a disproportionately large disadvantage (consideration of interests)

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