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How does the liver interact with other organs, and how is it regulated?

6 important questions on How does the liver interact with other organs, and how is it regulated?

Insulin and glucaon play a role in the interactions between the liver and other organs. They regulate the uptake and release of glucose.

Glucagon levels rise in exercise and in fasting state, so when glucose levels are low.

GLUT4 receptors are normally stored in small vesikels in the cell. Insulin translocates GLUT4 to the membrane of the cells.

Insulin binds to insulin receptor. IRS1, akt, activation of AS160 --> translocation of GLUT4

srebp1 plays a role in lipogenesis.

decreased thyroid hormones --> activation of srebp --> lipogenesis (synthesis of triglycerides) --> steatosis

The anterior pituary glands (in the brain) --> secrete ACTH and TSH --> act on adrenal gland --> promote cortisol --> stimulates gluconeogenesis

TSH --> secretion of TH --> promotes lipogenesis

Anterior pituary gland --> produce growth hormone releasing hormone --> acts on liver --> liver produces insulin growth hormone

Feedback pathways from liver to brain are unknown.

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