Summary: Case 2: Get To The Heart Of That Matter
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1 Anatomy of the heart
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The heart has two receiving chambers
Left to systemic
Right topulmonary -
1.1 Coverings of the heart
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Function of the fibrous pericardium
1. Protect the heart
2. Anchor it to surrounding structures
3. Prevent overfilling of the heart with blood -
What is the serous pericardium?
Thin, slippery, two-layer serous membrane that forms an enclosed sac around the heart. Lies deep to fibrous pericardium -
What is the parietal layer?
It lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium. At the superior side of the heart, the parietal layer attaches to the large arteries exiting the heart, and then turn inferiorly and continues over the external heart surface as the epicardium, which is an essential part of the heart wall. -
1.2 Valves
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What is the other name of the atrioventricular bicuspid valve?
Mitral valve -
What are the names of the two semilunar valves that are located in the arteries that leave the heart?
Pulmonary valveAortic valve
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What is the cardiac skeleton?
Dense network of connective tissue.
Strengthens the myocardium internally and anchors the cardiac muscle fibers.
Connective tissue is not electrically excitable, so it limits the spread of action potentials to specific pathways. -
1.3 Chambers and associated great vessels
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What is the interatrial septum?
The internal part that separates the atria. -
What is the interventricular septum?
The internal part that separates the ventricles. -
What is the coronary sulcus/atriventricular groove?
It encircles the junction of the atria and the ventricles like a crown.
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