What substrates are used during exercise? (BGK, BW)

7 important questions on What substrates are used during exercise? (BGK, BW)

When does mitochondrial dysfunction occur?

Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs when high-fat diets are continued for longer period.

What is the prestate of mitochondrial dysfunction?

Muscular fat accumulation and insulin resistance develop before mitochondrial function deteriorates.

What is the cause of muscular fat accumulation?

high levels of muscular fatty acids --> too long --> protective mechanisms can no longer cope --> lipotoxicity
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What is the mechanism protecting against lipotoxicity?

mitochondrial uncoupling is the protective mechanism against mitochondrial lipotoxicity. 
mitochondria --> ROS --> attacks mitochondrial fatty acids --> lipid peroxides --> damage to mitochondrial machinery

Which substrate is used more in high intensity?

high intensity:
more carbohydrate oxidation (from muslce glycogen)
(less fat oxidation)

Which substrates are used during sprint?

First 2-3 seconds: creatine phosphate
after 2-3 seconds: glycogen

Which substrates are used at the end of duration exercise?

RQ is ~0,8 
--> high fat oxidation
(low glucose oxidation --> running out of stored glycogen)

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