Spatial processes and variability
11 important questions on Spatial processes and variability
What are +/- of these storage measurement techniques?
- Gravimetry (oven drying)
- +: accurate, cheap
- - : labour intensive, destructive
- Time or frequency domain reflectometry (TDR, thetaprobe)
- + : accurate, continuous
- - : expensive, need for calibration
- Neutron probe
- + : accurate, sampling volume
- - : radioactivity, changing sampling volume, labour intensive
- Cosmic ray
- + : large footprint
- - : interpretation, footprint definition
- GW wells
- + : accurate, cheap
- - : CHECK OUT
How can storage be observed from space? Name 3 techniques.
Passive microwave ... (AMSR-E, SMOS)
What do these space observation measures have in common? What elements are meant with scaling 'triplet'?
- Spacing: how far apart are measureemnts located
- Extent: size of study area
- Support: what is support/value/weight of individual observation? Has to do with spatial variability
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What are main differences between wet and dry state?
Dry:
Why is there a transition from organized to random in soil moisture patterns in Tarrawarra, Australia?
Two preferred states: state reflects topography (wet) or is very random (dry)
How does the transition between two preferred SM states influence runoff processes?
What are main conclusions from Biosphere II and how does this relate to the term 'convergence'?
What can be learned from Hupsel distribution of individual point observations
A LOT of ind point measurements should be taken.
Dry is narrower dist reflecting smaller std dist(?).
CHECK min 20 ish.
What is the temporal stability concept?
Once you have a spatial pattern, small deviations do not really change the underlying patterns (min 23).
Temporal stability (min 23): Any point represents the ... Of the spatial mean.
Q Ryan lecture min 25: what is more realistic?
All points dry out at similar rate.
Truth is somewhere in between, but first situation is more realistic.
Name several # of simplifying assumptions in TOPMODEL?
- Slope of watertable/GW is equal to slope of land surface/topography (are 1:1 and can thus be derived from DEM)
- Only limited amounts of runoff/overland flow4
- Darcy's law
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