Network Theory - IP operations - IPv4 options, IPv6 extension headers

9 important questions on Network Theory - IP operations - IPv4 options, IPv6 extension headers

What is the optional IPv4 header used for and what is the length?

Optional header is used for testing purposes and is variable header is multiple of 4 bytes, if not padding is used).


Usually this is used to convey information about how the
packet should be processed for testing purposes.
Examples of options include loose source routing, strict source
routing, record route, and timestamp
.
An extended ping on Cisco routers allows you to invoke the previous example
options.

What is the disadvantage of the IPv4 header?

It can impact perfomance, because it is variable.

What is the size for IPv6 header?

40 bytes
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What are the IPv4 options fields in the optional header?

-Type
-Length
-Data

15. IPv4 Options and IPv6 Ext Headers  7:40

What are the IPv4 type options of the option header and how big is the field?

Type have the options:

-copied (for fragments 1 bit)
-option class (for control/debug 2 bits)
-option number( Specify options 5 bits)

8 bit

What is the IPv4 option number used for?

Specifies the options with 32 different values

How big the option length of the IPv4 options Header and what is it used for?

1 byte
Specifies length of the ip option header

What is the field in the IPv6 pointing to an extension header?

NH next header

What are examples for IPv6 extension headers?

-authentication
-ESP payload (ipv6 ipsec implementaion)
-mobility features

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