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Q: Name the two most common types of network infrastructures

Local Area Network (LAN) - A network infrastructure that provides access to users and end devices in a small geographical area, which is typically an enterprise, home, or small business network owned and managed by an individual or IT department. Wide Area Network (WAN) - A network infrastructure that provides access to other networks over a wide geographical area, which is typically owned and managed by a telecommunications service provider.

18 important questions on Explore the Network

What is a Topology diagram?

A diagram that represent the different devices and connections that make up a network.

What is a Network Interface Card (NIC)?

A NIC, or LAN adapter, provides the physical connection to the network at the PC or other end device. The media that are connecting the PC to the networking device, plug directly into the NIC.

What is a Phycical Port?

A connector or outlet on a networking device where the media is connected to an end device or another networking device.

What is an Interface/port?

Specialized ports on a networking device that connect to individual networks. Because routers are used to interconnect networks, the ports on a router are referred to as network interfaces.

Name two types of topology diagrams

- Physical topology diagrams - Identify the physical location of intermediary devices and cable installation.
- Logical topology diagrams - Identify devices, ports, and addressing scheme.

Name the two most common types of network infrastructures

Local Area Network (LAN) - A network infrastructure that provides access to users and end devices in a small geographical area, which is typically an enterprise, home, or small business network owned and managed by an individual or IT department.
Wide Area Network (WAN) - A network infrastructure that provides access to other networks over a wide geographical area, which is typically owned and managed by a telecommunications service provider.

Name specific features of a LAN network infrastructure

LANs are a network infrastructure that spans a small geographical area. Specific features of LANs include:

LANs interconnect end devices in a limited area such as a home, school, office building, or campus.

A LAN is usually administered by a single organization or individual. The administrative control that governs the security and access control policies are enforced on the network level.

LANs provide high speed bandwidth to internal end devices and intermediary devices.

Name specific features of a WAN network infrastructure

WANs are a network infrastructure that spans a wide geographical area. WANs are typically managed by service providers (SP) or Internet Service Providers (ISP).
Specific features of WANs include:

WANs interconnect LANs over wide geographical areas such as between cities, states, provinces, countries, or continents.

WANs are usually administered by multiple service providers.

WANs typically provide slower speed links between LANs.

Name the organizations that have been developed for the purpose of helping to maintain structure and standardization of Internet protocols and processes.

- IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force
- ICANN: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and NUmbers
- IAB: Internet Architecture Board
- many others

Name two diffrent ways to connect to the internet.

- Internet Service Provider (ISP): Home users, teleworkers (remote workers), and small offices typically require a connection to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) to access the Internet. Connection options vary greatly between ISP and geographical location. However, popular choices include broadband cable, broadband digital subscriber line (DSL), wireless WANs, and mobile services.
- Service Provider (SP): Business-class interconnections are usually provided by service providers (SP). Popular business-class services include business DSL, leased lines, and Metro Ethernet.

What is a converging network?

Back in the day, there was a seperate network for computer networks, telephone networks and broadcast networks. Today, the separate data, telephone, and video networks are converging. Unlike dedicated networks, converged networks are capable of delivering data, voice, and video between many different types of devices over the same network infrastructure. This network infrastructure uses the same set of rules, agreements, and implementation standards.

What is network architecture?

The technologies that support the infrastructure and the programmed services and rules, or protocols, that move data across the network.

What are the four basic characteristics that the underlying architectures need to address in order to meet user expectations?

Fault Tolerance

Scalability

Quality of Service (QoS)

Security

What is a packet-switched network?

One way reliable networks provide redundancy (Fault Tolerance) is by implementing a packet-switched network. Packet switching splits traffic into packets that are routed over a shared network. A single message, such as an email or a video stream, is broken into multiple message blocks, called packets. Each packet has the necessary addressing information of the source and destination of the message. The routers within the network switch the packets based on the condition of the network at that moment. This means that all the packets in a single message could take very different paths to the destination.

What is a 'Circuit-switched network'?

A circuit-switched network is one that establishes a dedicated circuit between the source and destination before the users may communicate. If the call is unexpectedly terminated, the users must initiate a new connection.

What are the two types of network security concerns?

- network infrastructure security: Securing a network infrastructure includes the physical securing of devices that provide network connectivity, and preventing unauthorized access to the management software that resides on them.
- information security: Information security refers to protecting the information contained within the packets being transmitted over the network and the information stored on network attached devices.

Name the three primary requirements needed in order to achieve the goals of network security.

Confidentiality - Data confidentiality means that only the intended and authorized recipients can access and read data.

Integrity - Data integrity means having the assurance that the information has not been altered in transmission, from origin to destination.

Availability - Data availability means having the assurance of timely and reliable access to data services for authorized users.

Name four net network trends.

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

Online collaboration

Video communications

Cloud computing

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CCNA 1

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Explore the Network

18 important questions on Explore the Network

What is a Topology diagram?

What is a Network Interface Card (NIC)?

What is a Phycical Port?

What is an Interface/port?

Name two types of topology diagrams

Name the two most common types of network infrastructures

Name specific features of a LAN network infrastructure

Name specific features of a WAN network infrastructure

Name the organizations that have been developed for the purpose of helping to maintain structure and standardization of Internet protocols and processes.

Name two diffrent ways to connect to the internet.

What is a converging network?

What is network architecture?

What are the four basic characteristics that the underlying architectures need to address in order to meet user expectations?

What is a packet-switched network?

What is a 'Circuit-switched network'?

What are the two types of network security concerns?

Name the three primary requirements needed in order to achieve the goals of network security.

Name four net network trends.

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