Epithelial and gland tissue

15 important questions on Epithelial and gland tissue

Which two kinds of epithelium are pretty rare in the human body?

Stratified cuboidal and stratified columnar epithelium.

What is transitional epithelium?

Epithelium that is able to stretch and change structure when a cavity is filled with liquid.

Which kind of epithelium is different from all the types of epithelium discussed before (for example, the layer of the skin)?

The glandular epithelium.
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What is the function of glandular epithelium?

Glands secrete signaling molecules like hormones.

Which two types of glands are identified?

- Exocrine glands: they secrete through a duct and deposit onto epithelial surface;
- Endocrine glands: they secrete directly into the bloodstream.

What types of tissue in an adult are derived from ectoderm?

Nervous tissue and skin.

What types of tissue in an adult are derived from endoderm?

The digestive tissue and the lung.

Besides shape and the number of layers, what is another way of classifying epithelial tissue?

The embryonic origin (whether it is derived from ecto-, endo-, or mesoderm).

What is the function of adhesion belts?

To increase the adhesion between cells.

What do adhesion belts consist of?

They consist of transmembrane-linker proteins: cadherins.

What is a major difference between desmosomes and the group of proteins discussed before, the gap junctions, tight junctions, and adhesion belts?

The gap junctions, tight junctions, and adhesion belts, are round the whole cell, and desmosomes are not round the whole cell.

What is the function of desmosomes?

They form the strongest connection between cells.

What is an intracellular difference between desmosomes and adhesion belts?

Desmosomes are intracellular connected to intermediate filaments, and adhesion belts are connected to actin.

What is the function of hemidesmosomes?

Hemidesmosomes connect the cell (its intermediate filaments) with the connective tissue underneath.

What 4 things does the basal lamina of the epithelial cell contain?

- Hemidesmosomes;
- Basal lamina;
- Plasma membrane invaginations;
- Mitochondria.

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