Molecular Biology and Genetics - Lecture Thirteen : Eukaryotic cell division - Mitosis
6 important questions on Molecular Biology and Genetics - Lecture Thirteen : Eukaryotic cell division - Mitosis
What are the formations of the Cell Cycle?
- Gap 1: increase in size
- Synthesis: DNA replication
- Gap 2: prepares to divide
- Mitotic phase: mitosis & cytokinesis
G1, S & G2 = Also seen as interphase for growth !!
- Interphase ends at the end of G2, where cell has grown enough cellular material for two cells and has 2 complete copies of uncondensed DNA
What happens during Prophase in Mitosis?
- Initiates DNA condensation
- Homologous sister chromatids pair up
- Connected at centromere to form X-shaped chromosomes
- Early synthesis of spindle fibres
What happens during Prometaphase in Mitosis ?
- Break down of nuclear envelope
- Spindle fibres continue to form connections between centrioles and chromosome
- Kinetochore microtubules are parts of the spindle fibres which attach to the chromosome
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What happens during Anaphase in Mitosis?
- Kinetochore spindles shorten, such that sister chromatids are separated and pulled towards each spindle pole
- Non-kinetochore lengthen and elongates the cell
What happens during Telophase in Mitosis?
- Nuclear envelope reform
- Followed by cytokinesis where cleavage furrow deepens and divides cell into 2 daughter cells
- They will each re-enter interphase to begin cell cycle
What are the functions of Mitosis ?
- Mitosis is the events that organize the cell and Duplicated chromosomes for cell division via cytokinesis.
- It is part of the whole cell cycle, where the cell leaves interphase and is ready to replicate it self
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