Endocrine glands - Gonads - Ovaries

4 important questions on Endocrine glands - Gonads - Ovaries

What are the 3 functional subunits of the ovaries?

  1. Follicles. Contain a developing egg or ovum.
  2. Corpora lutea. Develop from follicles after the ovum is released.
  3. Supporting tissue or stoma.

What are granulosa cells?

The primary follicle consists of an oocyte (immature egg) surrounded by a layer of flattened epithelial cells called granulosa cells. These cells are the source of inhibin and activin.

What are theca cells?

Around the granolosa cells (but separated by a membrane) are the theca cells. They secrete estrogens.
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What hormones do the theca interna and the granulosa cells produce and what receptors do they have?

  • Theca interna: has LH receptors and produces androgens from cholesterol in response to LH stimulation
  • Granulosa cells: FSH and LH receptors. In response to FSH they convert androgens into estrogens. In response to LH they produce progesterone.

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