Summary: Chem 100 Midterm#1

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• Chem 100

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• Name the nonmetal elements that are diatomic molecule.

  Hydrogen, nitrogen, flourine, oxygen, iodine, chlorine, bromine

• Give all the prefixes, symbol, and scaling factors.

  T. teca 10^12, G. giga 10^9, M. mega 10^6, k. kilo 10^3, d. deci 10^-1, c. centi 10^-2, m. milli 10^-3, mu. micro 10^-6, n. nano 10^-9, p. pico 10^-12, f. fento 10^-15

• Group A metals v. nonmetals

  Group A metals tend to lose electrons to form cations with a charge equal to group number. Nonmetals tend to gain electrons to form anions with a charge equal to group number minus 8.

• Naming ions: cations v. anions

  cations are positively charges while anions are negatively charged

• What are the two compunds

  Ionic and molecular. Ionic compounds have ionic bonds, have a pure form-solid, and form in crystal lattice. Molecular compounds have covalent bonds from sharing electrons.

• What are molecular compounds and what are the types?

  Molecular compounds are composed of two or more atoms bonded together by covalent bonds. The atoms are nonmetal. There are binary molecular compounds and aqueous acids. There are two types of aqueous acids, binary acids and oxoacids/oxyacids.

• What kind of compound is it when the first element in the compound it metal?

  ionic

• What is the form of a binary molecular compound and how do you write it?

  XaYb - prefix+name of first element+prefix+base name of second element+ide

• Name the greek prefixes used for binary molecular compounds and the number.

  1. mono, 2. di, 3. tri, 4. tetra, 5. penta, 6. hexa, 7. hepta, 8. octa, 9. nona, 10. deca

• What is a binary acid? Give the form for binary acids and how to write them.

  HnX(aq) - Binary acid is an aqueous solution containing hydrogen and a nonmetal atom. prefix (which is hydro)+base name of nonmetal element+ic+acid