Taste perception - Bitter receptors

4 important questions on Taste perception - Bitter receptors

To which family of receptors do the bitter receptors belong to?

The TAS2R or T2Rs.

What is the T2R family?

It contains about 25 different members.

Why is there a large number of different bitter receptors?

They have a role as early-warning system. Potentially toxic substances have large variety in chemical structure, which requires multiple sensors for detection.
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What do clusters in the phylogenetic tree indicate?

T2Rs with closely resembling amino acid sequences. It has been hypothesised that T2Rs within one cluster detect similar types of bitter compounds.

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