Chemistry behind colour changes - Colourants

24 important questions on Chemistry behind colour changes - Colourants

What does carotanase do to this component?

It removes the 2 ring strucutes. Later a sugar unit is added which increases the polarity and now you have a yellow colorent that is polair and therfore can disolve in water.

How can the aroma and tast compounds be formed in saffron?

By the cyclic compounds that are split of by the carotenase. It will give a compound with a sugar unit attached this is the tast compound. When this tast compound is in contact with an encime or heat treatment a aroma compound will be formed. This one is apolair and disolves wel in oil. This happens with cooking

In what does thyrosinase (a enzyme) play a rol?

enzymatic browing. But also in certain colourants like beets.
  • Higher grades + faster learning
  • Never study anything twice
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Discover Study Smart

When are these colour compounds formed?

In fermentation of rice, gives a red colour

How is oxygen transported by myoglobin in meat?

Histein is bound to the Iron of myoglobin and this is bound to oxygen which is again bound to histein.

Is the Iron  bound to the octahedral Fe2+ or Fe3+

Fe2+ otherwhise it can not bind.

What are the different colours of these components?

Mb = myoglobin = OH bound = purple colour

MbO2 = oxymyoglobin = O2 bound = red colour  

MMb = metmyoglobin = H2O bound = brown colour

Why are there 2 peaks in MbO2?

Because there are two different oxygen conformations which result in two different absorptions.

Why does meat stay red for longer of you adding NO?

Because it fits better then oxygen and is terefore more stable and it can also bind to myoglobin and metmyoglobin.

What happens when you slaughter animal?

The pH drops from pH 6.5 to pH 5.8 and you have a 4% water loss

What is Dark Firm Dry (DFD)?


glycogen already depleted at earlier stage
  • De pH gaat hier door niet echt naar beneden en hierdoor is het vlees gevoeliger voor spoilage
  • Minder water gaat verloren

Which one gives the brown red en which oen the blue green colour and in what can you find these components?

You can find them in egg shells

first one is brown red and the second one is blue green

What gives the yellow colour to egg-yolk?

carotanoids.

What causes the green and yellow colour in olive oil?

Yellow colour due to carotonoids, green due to chlorophyl.

What makes clorophyl unstuble and what is the long unit donw stairs?

It is a terpanoid down there.
The two ester bonds make it sensitive to pH en temprture changes.

What is the difference between the different type of chlorophyls?

Bit of difference in terpene and therefore different absorption spectra

What doe copper (Cu) and zink (Zn) do to chlorophyl?

They bind stronger then magnesium and therfore the colour green is les sensitive to exposure to light and heat.

What is a alfa-crustacyanin? (exam)

Complex of cartanoids that contains protein.

Does the preporation method have a effect on the chlorophyl stability?

Yes!

What compound is responsible for the red in lobsters?

Astraxanthin (carotanoids)

How do you form a alfa-crustacyanin?

You need to combine carotaniods,
there are 2 groups of apocrustacyanins that need to be combinde to beta-crustacyanins. 8 of these beta-crustacyanins will form a alfa-crustacyanin.

How many carotanoids are there in a alfa-crusta cyanin?

(5+2+1)*2=16

How do you get the red colour in lobsters?

The proteins denature and release the crustacyanins and this will result in the red colour

What gives the green colour in green garlic and how is it formed?

The temprature is low (4 degrees), and the garlic is placed in vinigar. Over time the green colour will start to appear.
Amino acids react with sulfor compounds and this gives you two colours, yellow and blue and together they will form green.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

  • A unique study and practice tool
  • Never study anything twice again
  • Get the grades you hope for
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Remember faster, study better. Scientifically proven.
Trustpilot Logo