Diagnostic research
7 important questions on Diagnostic research
What is another use of univariable analysis?
What are the steps in a multivariable analysis
What is the Area Under Curve
example: AUC 0,7. Of a randomly chosen pair disease/ nondiseased, the diseased has a probibility of 70 % that the model estimates a higher probability for the disease than the nondiseased.
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How can the amount of optimism/ overfitting be estimated?
- split sample
- (cross-validation)
- bootstrapping
steps:
- differences in discrimination and calibration of the full set and the now used set are determined (the amount of optimism). If bootstrapping method is used; the average of the bootstrapping sets is determined.
- these differences can be used to adjust the original model estimated in the full set.
- adjusting or shrinking the regression coefficients and ROC curve
How can a pediction model be presented?
- create a nomogram (computer assisted)
- simplified risk score or scoring rule; however loss of some information because the regression coefficients are simplified and rounded. Mostly not clinical relevant.
When does the diagnostic test have enough impact on clinical practice?
- calculate the proportion of correctly reclassification by the net reclassification improvement
- this requires definition of the thresholds A and B (rather difficult in practice).
How is external vaildation done?
- same centre, later period
- other centres
- other country
- updating the intercept of the model for differences in outcome frequency
- orginally estimated regression coefficients
- adding new determinants in the model
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
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