Clinical functional analysis; Understanding the contingengies of reinforcement
11 important questions on Clinical functional analysis; Understanding the contingengies of reinforcement
What are distinguishing features of the functional analysis?
- Focus on function of the behavior over topography
- Unit of analysis (behaviour is understood in relation to his environment)
- Idiographic approach --> focus on identifying target behaviours relevant to the individual in a specific context
- Enhanced treatment utility
- Dynamic and iterative
Out of which three components does a behavioural contingency exists? (welke drie dingen beïnvloeden de mogelijkheid dat een gedrag zal plaatsvinden?)
- Antecedents
- behaviour
- Consequences
What is the relationship between the three contingencies of behaviours: ![]()
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What is meant with behaviour in the three-term contingency underlying a functional analysis?
How are behaviours called that have the same influence on the environment or produce similar consequences?
What are consequences in the three-term contingency?
What is positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement?
Negative reinforcement: Increase in the probability that a behaviour will occur again, due to that a stimulus is removed.
Child that is screaming (behavior) --> dentist stops with his procedure (probability that the dentist will stop again when a child screams increases)
What is it called when a behaviour no longer produces a consequence?
What is the difference between positive and negative punishment?
Negative punishment: decrease in frequency of behaviour due to the consequences the behaviour has (something is removed): child hits his sister --> doesn't get a sweet (something is removed) which makes it less likely that the behaviour is performed again.
What are the 6 guidelines for conducting a functional analysis?
- Identify characteristics of client through a broad assessment (presenting problems)
- Develop preliminary analysis in terms of behavioural principles (formulate problems in terms of behaviours) --> focus in narrowed towards controllable variables.
- gather additional information and finalize conceptual analysis; write down working hypothesis
- Devise an intervention
- implement intervention and assess change
- if outcome is unacceptable go back to 2 &3
What is the difference of an idiographic and a nomothetic approach? And which is used in a functional analysis?
nomothetic = adressing causal relationships for behaviour across clients
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