Cognitive Restructuring
15 important questions on Cognitive Restructuring
According to Aaron T. Beck depressed and anxious people have distortions in their thinking, called automatic negative thoughts, what are characteristics of these thoughts?
What is the hierarchy of thoughts according to Aaron T. Beck in his extented cognitive model?
What is an example of a core belief?
I'm inadequate
Others are judgemental
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What is an example of an intermediate belief?
If I work hard, I will be loved (assumption)
It is terrible to be inadequate (attitude)
Making mistakes is shamefull (attitude)
I should always do my best (rules)
What does the cognitive model of depression of Beck state?
- Our core beliefs and dysfunctional assumptions are formed as a result of early experiences, we try to live in line of them to avoid being excluded/judged/hurt
- One point we cannot manage to live up to these assumptions, core beliefs and a critical incident happens.
- This will activate the assumption and leads to the activation of negative automatic thoughts
- This will lead to symptoms of depression, which in turn will increase the appearance of negative automatic thoughts
What is cognitive restructuring?
- Increase awareness of dysfunctional cognitions
- Challenge or test these cognitions
- If needed, change these cognitions
What are the steps in cognitive restructuring? (4)
- Identify automatic thoughts
- Categorizing thoughts ->
- Identify underlying beliefs
- Questioning + changing automatic thoughts/schemas
What technique can be used to idenitfy underlying beliefs?
What techniques can be used to question/change automatic thoughts/underlying beliefs?
- Cognitive continuum
- Examining the evidence
- Pie-chart technique
- Behavioral experiment
- Multidimensional evaluation
- costs and benefits of consequences experienced by thoughts
- Role plays
- Writing exercise
- Coping cards/reminders more adaptive thoughts
What are characteristics of a socratic dialogue?
- Very curious questioning (naive)
- Cooperative
- Guided discovery; guide client through own thought process
- no advise/judgement
- Follow perspective of other
What are possible explanations (real mechanism still unknown) for the working mechanism of cognitive restructuring?
- Dysfunctional schema's can be changed through reappraisal
- More functional schema's strenghtened
- Examination of thoughts changes how we relate to our thoughts (--> ACT)
What does the technique re-examining the evidence entail?
Helps them give inside in possible other explanations.
What does the technique Multi-dimensional evaluating?
What does the technique Pie chart -technique
For example: headache = tumor
Which techniques can be used to test patients predictions?
- Let them formulate the probability of their assumption A and rate credibility
- Let them formulate probability of alternative assumption B and rate credibility
- Design a behavioral experiment
- thinkg of what the outcome would be if assumption A would be true
- Think of what the outcome would be if assumption B would be true
- execute experiement
- Describe outcome
- What did I learn, what do I still need to figure out?
- How do I rate the credibility of both assumptions?
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
