The Next Generation: Chatbots in Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy to Foster Mental Health

9 important questions on The Next Generation: Chatbots in Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy to Foster Mental Health

What is an important consideration regarding the use of IMIs?

That interindividual differences should be considered because they can affect how much a person profits from an IMI

In what ways can it be used for psychological problems and mental disorders? (3)

1. Suicide prevention (risk can be detected; bots can inform mental health services)
2. Treatment of psychological problems (offer self-help tools)
3. Stabilization of treatment effects after classical therapy (transfer from therapeutic context to daily life & reduce risk of relapse)

What is important for a chatbot to foster a therapeutic relationship in a psychotherapeutic context? (2)

1. Social attributes
2. Empathy skills
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What kind of time-consuming microinterventions could chatbots take over as they do not require very skilled therapists? (3)

1. Psycho-education
2. Goal-setting conversations
3. Behavioral activation

In what ways do chatbots vary in their complexity of interaction? (2)

1. Simple: if-then rules
2. Complex: machine learning & AI

What are the purposes of interaction with the chatbot in studies? (8)

1. Transmission of discharge reports
2. Medication adherence
3. Physical activity & nutrition
4. Conducting semi-structured interviews
5. Mindfulness & meditation
6. Monitoring Parkinson disease
7. Tackling stigma towards anorexia
8. Reconstruction of traumatic experiences

What are the potential opportunities and advantages of using chatbots? (2)

1. Develop the possibilities offered by psychotherapy (waiting time, unreached target groups, and low threshold)
2. Adjunct to psychotherapy (increasing adherance to homework, microinterventions, improve communication

What are some ethical and legal questions that are names? (4)

1. Possible risk/dangers when people think chatbots are real or become overwhelmed by their possibilities
2. Highly sensitive content of information (data security)
3. Lack of quality criteria in EU
4. Psychotherapeutic processes are much more complex than the conversational skills of current chatbots

What are future prospects and research gaps that are named? (2)

1. Investigate usefulness in clinical trials and replication in RCTs
2. Improving the psychotherapeutic content of chatbots

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