Causes of variation - mutation

3 important questions on Causes of variation - mutation

How can a mutation arise? (three points)

- mistakes in copying of DNA as cells get ready to divide
- damage to DNA (environmental factor might alter the bases in DNA)
-  uneven distribution of chromosomes during the division of cells

When do chromosome mutations occur? (in general)

When cell division fails

When do gene mutations occur?

When the part of the base of the sequence of the DNA on a single chromosome is changed. Result: defective protein is produced or no protein at all. This leads to considirable change in characteristic.

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