Circulation and the Cardiovascular System

20 important questions on Circulation and the Cardiovascular System

What does the circulatory system help maintain?

Homeostatisis

A circulatory system serves the needs of _____.

Cells

What is a circulatory system?

Any system that evolves to facilitate the movement of substances by a fluid medium with in an animal.
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How do invertebrates circulate substances to and from cells?

With the use of their gastrovascular cavity.

Sea stars and roundworms use what part of their body cavity for transport purposes?

Coelomic Fluid

What are two ways to circulate fluid internally?

Open and Closed Circulatory Systems

What type of animals are closed circulatory systems found?

Annelids and Vertabrates

Upper, thin walled atria receive _____.

Blood

Lower, thick walled ventricles ________.

Pump blood away

What two types of valves keep  blood flowing one way?

Atrioventricular and Semilunar Valves

________ is often due to leaky atrioventricular valves.

Heart Murmur

Each heartbeat, called the ______ ______, consists of three phases.

Cardiac Cycle

Also known as the cardiac pacemaker, what initiates the heartbeat every 0.85 seconds?

Sinoatrial Node

A recording of the electrical changes that occur in the heart during a cardiac cycle is known as what?

Electrocardiogram

What do capillaries permit?

Exchange of material with tissues

Name four functions of blood.

Transport, Defense, Temp Regulation, and Clot Forming

Blood consists of what two main portions?

Plasma and Formed Elements

What phagocytizes foreign material?

Neutrophils

What releases white blood cell growth factors?

Monocytes

What two forces control movement of fluid through the capillary wall?

Blood Pressure and Osmotic Pressure

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