Free Will, The I (hannes)
26 important questions on Free Will, The I (hannes)
What is the readiness potential?
What did the Californian sun screen experiment show?
What people say they will do says nothing about what they will actually do.
BUT:
Activity in the a priori MFPC ROI during the presentation of persuasive messages, comparded with rest, was reliably associated with behavior changes in sunscreen use from pre-to post scan.
What did the experiment with smokers trying to stop by watching adds show about behavior change?
Self report R2= .146
Neural activity R2=.204
So: neural activity explained addition -and more- variance in behavior change.
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What did the experiment with unreleased Pop songs and brain activity show?
How does the expriments from libet relate to epiphenomenalism?
What does the fMRI version of the Libet show?
What problems did the fMRI version of the libet experiment solve ?
solved the potential inaccuracy in estimating
moment of ‘W’
- predicting left-right choice countered the potential confound of the LRP being just increasing attention to the clock
What did the intracortical recording version of the libet experiment show?
What was the added value over the original experiment?
They find two types of neurons that either consistently increase their activity before W, or that consistently decrease activity before W.
it enabled to build a classifier algorithm to predict the occurrenceof ‘W’1 second beforehand, countering the critiquethat the LRP may not be about the decision to act)?
What did the milgram experient show in relation to the libet experiments?
How does the black vs white face amyglada experiment show the same as the libet experiments?
Even though you think you arent racist (conviction), you still are (neural data).
so: unconscious stuff has inluence on your behaviour, without you being awar of it.
How does marketing show the same as libet experiments?
What does the ASCH: social compliance experiment show?
People have to say which line is equally tall as an example line.
32% of People follow crowd and blame theirselves, while 99% do task correct if alone
Non conformists show increased activity in Amygdala: fear of social rejaction??
What does the Nisbett & Wilson 'stockings' experiment show?
How does the choice blidness with pictures of women show post hoc rationalization?
What do the Asch, Nisbett&Wilson and Change blindness experiments have in common and prove?
They all require people to form a reason that is misleaded in a way --> post hoc rationalization
The brain automatically converts inputs into behaviour. Thoughts and opinions just follow afterwards.
Explain the Gazzaningas split brain experiment.
Spit brain patient watch a picture of left snowscene and right chickenleg.
Have to choose two pictures what they relate to what they see.
Right hemisphere sees snowscene (shovel)
Left hemisphere sees chicken leg (chicken)
when asked why they chose shovel, they come up with a reason to link it to chicken (clean out chicken shed)
--> post hoc rationalization made in left hemisphere (interpretering actions of right hemisphere)
What does the second gazzanigas split brain experiment show?
What does the Wegner experiment with the replaced hands show?
After some instructions and someones else hands execute these, person thinks these hands belong to them -->
slap on the hands cause big GSCR response
We see the relation between thoughts and actions
this indicates that the relation we have with our body is quite fragile
What do the Wegner experiment, rubber hand ilusion and whole body rubber hand illusion show ?
How do they alien hand syndrome and autoscopy show that this 'agancy of body ownership' can get lost
What is a classical test for ToM?
Sally-Ann test: puppet first in basket by sally, then ann puts it other box,
question: where will sally look for puppet?
What does the Povinelli experiment with the chimp choosing a cup show?
Animals don't have a ToM -->
exp1: shouldve gessed right, but is random
exp2: asks blind man for food
What experiment shows that there might be ToM in animals?
What does the Gallup mirror test show?
Put a mark on the head and let someone look in the mirror --> by the age of 2 childeren can recognize themselve.
Chimps can first not recognize, but at certain age they can. (chimps have concept of bodily self)
What animals pass the Gallup mirror test?
Chimps
Urang utangs
gorillas
elephants
magpies (ekster)
dolphins (?, they have no arms/hands)
So maybe its out intelligence, being aware that when something happens in the mirror thats exactly the same as what your doing, that means that its yourself?
How are the ‘brain interpreter’, ToM, and self consciousness related?
How do they possibly construct a sense of ‘I’?
A combination of left hemisphere functions like the brain interpreter (and language?), and the capability of theory of mind, applied to our own behavior.
Resulting in the sense of self, the sense of agency and the idea of free will.
But the real ‘You’ is much more than that. You are your whole brain, not just a part of it.
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